Before the advent of anesthesia, surgical procedures were almost universally horrific, so its pretty hard to argue with the idea that anesthesia has vastly improved medicine. anesthesia in kids is not harmless. Up until a few years ago we thought that anesthesia in kids was perfectly safe, says Greg Stratmann, an anesthesiology professor at the University of California San Francisco and lead author of the study. But in the last few years, some researchers have found that anesthesia might increase a childs risk of experiencing developmental disorders and ADHD-like symptoms.